The Expansion of Cattle Ranching in the West
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An 8 page overview of the initiation of cattle ranching in the West. Traces the history of this land use from the Spanish land grants to the Treaty of Guadelupe Hildalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, in which Mexico ceded Arizona,California, Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming to the United States. Continues in the history through the opening of the Cherokee strip in Oklahoma. Emphasizes that cattle ranching can have many adverse impacts in addition to its positive ones. Notes the displacement of indigenous peoples and animals which occurred as ancillary impacts to the expansion of cattle ranching in the West. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPranch.wps

The Flight of Chief Joseph and His People / Manifest Destiny?
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A 38 page research paper exploring the history of the Nez Perce and their leader Chief Joseph who, in 1877, led them on a 1700 mile journey through some of the roughest terrains of the present-day states of Montana, Oregon, and Idaho trying to escape capture by the US Army. The writer presents an in-depth discussion of manifest destiny as it relates to the conquest of the Americas, a location map, a chronological table of events, and more. Contains numerous quotes from Chief Joseph and other primary sources to support thesis. Bibliography lists 16 sources.
Filename: Chjoseph.wps

The Founding Fathers of the Republic of the United States of America
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This 9 page report discusses the "founding fathers" of the United States of the 18th and early 19th centuries. The paper is written under the understanding that the earliest leaders of the country were bold enough to stand up for freedom and independence. Such leaders saw that domination and taxation by England was antithetical to their very existence and they took action, revolutionary action, to change that situation and determine their new nation's own destiny. The group that has come to be known collectively by the relatively generic title of "the founding fathers" was actually a diverse group of men with varied and equally intense interests, opinions, beliefs and prejudices. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWffathr.rtf

The Great Chicago Fire of 1871
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9 pages in length. Perhaps the most popular "whodunit" of American history, the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 spawned a generation of tough citizens who weren't willing to give up their city, even in the face of disaster. Finally, we learn that it wasn't necessarily Mrs. O'Leary's cow who set the blaze.
Filename: Chicfire.wps

The Great Triumvirate / Calhoun, Clay & Webster
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An 8 page research paper which relates some of the U.S. politics that preceded the American Civil War. Specifically, the enormous contributions of these three great leaders are spotlighted and the writer demonstrates why they were considered the foremost American statesmen of their age. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Grtrium.wps

The Hartford Convention
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13 pages in length. The Hartford Convention, which took place from December 15, 1814 until January 4, 1815, was assembled as a means by which to assess New England's problems that were directly associated with the War of 1812. Before the outbreak of war, the New England Federalists had objected to the 1807 Embargo Act, as well as various other government actions. Even the war's commencement did not deter the ongoing Federalist opposition. Repulsed by the exorbitant expenditures of the war - even though its existence meant substantial income - the Federalist leaders attempted to impart estrangement; as such, national service was not successful in acquiring the New England states' militia, particularly when an invasion in 1814 threatened their existence. According to Harrison Gray Otis, the acknowledged author of the convention plan: the delegates were to discuss ways and means of sectional defense and to take steps to revise the United States Constitution to accord with sectional interests. The writer offers a brief overview of the Hartford Convention, as well as discusses whether or not it was a sectionalist movement that served to strengthen secession as a tool of states' rights or weaken it. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TLChart.wps

The History of Slavery in America
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5 pages in length. A discussion of the beginnings of slavery in the South and how it impacted the economics, as well as the nature of the institution. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JGAersla.wps

The Ideology of Equality Verses Practice in Early American History
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A 5 page discussion of the ideology of equality which existed in the years preceding the American Revolution. Notes that while the words of Thomas Jefferson, preserved for history in the Declaration of Independence, proclaiming that all men are created equal; were far from accurate in regard to the state of race and gender relations which existed at the time. Provides the historical setting for that ideology and the movements which would follow in the nineteenth century in true quest of equality. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPequali.wps

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